13 Ahaw 18 Xul (October 15, 2021)

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13 Ajaw 18 Yax: Drawing by
Jorge Pérez de Lara
The Yüumtsilo’ob K’aaxo’ob Cooperative in Huay Max, Quintana Roo

Huay Max and Oxchujk:

The Yüumtsilo’ob K’aaxo’ob Cooperative, 2019, and a New Publication from Martín Gómez Ramírez

The autumn has arrived and the harvest season is upon us. It is a time to remember and honor our ancestors, and all of those we have recently lost. We send our warmest regards to all of our friends as we move into the cooler months ahead, hoping that all of our families will finally have a chance to gather together and share a home cooked meal. We look forward to the New Year, with hope and promise that we will all overcome this pandemic and once again meet in person to continue our meaningful work together.

This month, as we await the reports from our recently funded online workshops, we again harken back to 2019 with a report from Omar Chan, who worked with the Yüumtsilo’ob K’aaxo’ob Cooperative in Huay Max, Quintana Roo, where he conducted a workshop sponsored by MAM in which members learned to embroider and inscribe glyphs onto cultural products like huipiles and gourd cups. Omar is currently facilitating one of our first online workshops this month, and we look forward to reporting back about that soon!

We would also like to congratulate our friend and colleague Martín Gómez Ramírez on his upcoming publication, Escrito Está Sobre Oxchujk: El verdadero significado de oxchujk en glifos de la cultura maya. Back in September of 2019, we published Martín’s report from a conference he facilitated at the Intercultural University (UNICH) in Oxchuc, Chiapas in which he presented a dedicatory hieroglyphic plaque that he had written and sculpted in Tseltal. Based on a parallel reading in the Paris Codex, Martín proposes that the original meaning of Oxchujk refers to ‘Three Captives’. Here, we include one of Martín’s many illustrations.

Also included in the publication are additional name glyphs that Martín has designed for multiple municipalities in Chiapas. We wish Martín all the best with his new book, and we wish you all a safe and healthy autumn.

Yum Bo’otik
Wakolowal ta a pisilik

Sincerely,

Michael Grofe, President

MAM

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12 Ahaw 18 Mol (September 5, 2021)

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12 Ajaw 18 Mol: Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara

Congratulations to Our First 2021 Online Mini-grant Recipients!

This month, we are pleased to announce our first round of mini-grant recipients for teaching online! Congratulations to the following applicants:

Augusto Tul Rax
Online course for 25 Poqomchi’ teens.
Chitul Santa Cruz Verapaz, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

Gloria Nayeli Tun Tuz
Online workshop for 20 Yucatec students.
Chichimilá, Yucatán, México.

José Alfredo Hau Caamal and Erika Evangelina Puc Ay
Online course for 10 Yucatec university students.
Chichimilá, Yucatán, México..

Omar Alejandro Chan May
Online course for 15 Yucatec students, ages 12+.
Felipe Carillo Puerto, Quintana Roo, Mexico.

Pedro Alejandro Vásquez Tay
Online course for 20 Uspanteko students, age 15-20.
Uspantán,
El Quiché, Guatemala.

We look forward to hearing about these exciting online courses and publishing their reports and recorded lectures in the near future! We encourage more applicants to contact us if they are interested in teaching online or offering recorded content to make publicly available, particularly content for specific Maya language communities that can potentially reach a wider audience during these isolating times.

This month, we also hear back from one of our new mini-grant recipients about her last workshop from 2019. Gloria Nayeli Tun Tuz shows us the marvelous, inscribed jícara bowls (hollowed out gourd halves) that her students have made.

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11 Ajaw 18 Xul (July 27, 2021)

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11 Ajaw 18 Xul: Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara

Presenting a copy of the Dresden Codex at the Ch’okwoj Maaya Tz’iib workshop

Ch’okwoj Maaya Tz’íib:

Sprouting Young Writers in Xocén, Yucatán

We are happy to report that we are currently receiving, reviewing, and granting our first round of mini-grants for online education! We have sent applications to all of those who have participated in our survey, and if you are a Maya teacher interested in receiving an application, please be sure to submit your information with our MAM Online Education Survey for Maya Facilitators:

https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/5WM6JS6

These surveys help us to assess the needs of the applicants, and to determine how to best help our Maya colleagues, and there is an option to both teach a live online class, and/or to record either public or private educational videos to post on our website.

Recently, we received a notification from our friend José Alfredo Hau Caamal about the last workshop that he carried out with Gregorio Hau Caamal in early 2020 for young students in the Ch’okwoj Maaya Tz’íib group in Xocén, Yucatán, just prior to the pandemic. It was sponsored by the Xocén Birding Trail, which helped to produce a wonderful video in which we see the students receiving instruction about Maya writing in their native Yucatec language. I will include a link to the video below, as well as the communication from the group. It is a hopeful example of the kinds of online content we hope to soon publish on this website in the near future, particularly at a time when face-to-face instruction is still so challenging.

Next month, we will be announcing our first round of recipients of our latest mini-grants, so please stay tuned!

Yum Bo’otik.

Sincerely,

Michael Grofe, President

MAM

Ch’okwoj Maaya Tz’íib: Our Last Workshop of 2020

Good Evening,

José Alfredo Hau Caamal, participant of a group called Ch’okwoj Maaya Ts’íib, held his last workshop of 2020 in person in the beautiful town of Xocen municipality of Valladolid Yucatán, with the support of the Xocén Birding Trail (a group of young people who promote bird watching).

What is relevant about the workshop?

When we got together we decided that it is very important to participate in the transmission of what we have learned in the four previous Congresos in which we have been participants, so Gregorio Hau and his assistant created a small workshop in the Yucatecan Mayan language where we expose our ancient Mayan writing.

It is with great emotion that we share with you this workshop published in the following link with the aim of showing you that we are constantly taking advantage of each of the workshops taken in the attended Congresos, from the first Congreso in Valladolid, Yucatán, Mexico to the last in Huehuetenango, Guatemala.

This year we intend to continue holding workshops in the communities as little as possible since this pandemic has locked us up but not tied us down, so we are looking for alternatives to continue.

The Ch’okwoj Maaya Ts’íib group sends you a hug and congratulations on your great work at MAM.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXxPhCbZAbU


versión español

11 Ajaw 18 Xul (27 de julio de 2021)

11 Ajaw 18 Xul: Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara

Presentación de una copia del Códice de Dresde en el taller de Ch’okwoj Maaya Tz’iib

Ch’okwoj Maaya Tz’íib:
Respuestas a la Encuesta de Facilitadores Mayas:

¡Nos complace informar que actualmente estamos recibiendo, revisando y otorgando nuestra primera ronda de mini-becas para educación en línea! Hemos enviado solicitudes a todos los que participaron en nuestra encuesta, y si usted es una maestra o maestro maya y se interesa en recibir una solicitud, asegúrese de enviar su información con la Encuesta sobre Educación en Línea de MAM para facilitadores mayas:

https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/5QPZ2ZB

Estas encuestas nos ayudan a evaluar las necesidades de los solicitantes y a determinar cómo ayudar mejor a nuestros colegas mayas, y existe la opción de impartir una clase en línea en vivo y/o grabar videos educativos públicos o privados para publicar en nuestra página web.

Recientemente, recibimos una notificación de nuestro amigo José Alfredo Hau Caamal sobre el último taller que realizó con Gregorio Hau Caamal a principios de 2020 para jóvenes estudiantes del grupo Ch’okwoj Maaya’ Tz’íib en Xocén, Yucatán, justo antes de la pandemia. Fue patrocinado por Xocén Birding Trail, que ayudó a producir un video maravilloso en el que vemos a los estudiantes recibiendo instrucción sobre la escritura maya en su idioma nativo yucateco. Incluyo aquí un enlace al video, así como la información de contacto del grupo. Es un ejemplo esperanzador del tipo de contenido en línea que esperamos publicar pronto en este sitio web en el futuro próximo, particularmente en un momento en que la instrucción presencial sigue presentando un desafío.

El próximo mes, anunciaremos nuestra primera ronda de beneficiarios de nuestras últimas mini-becas, así que ¡hay que mantenerse atentos!

Yum Bo’otik.

Atentamente,

Michael Grofe, Presidente

MAM

Ch’okwoj Maaya Tz’íib: Nuestro último trabajo para 2020

Buenas Noches,

José Alfredo Hau Caamal, participante de un grupo de nombre Ch’okwoj Maaya Ts’íib, realizó su último taller del 2020 de manera presencial en el bello pueblo de Xocen, municipio de Valladolid, Yucatán, con apoyo del Xocen Birding Trail (un grupo de jóvenes que promueven el avistamiento de aves). 

¿Que tiene de relevante el taller?

Al reunirnos, decidimos que es muy importante participar en la transmisión de lo aprendido en los cuatro congresos anteriores en la cual hemos sido partícipes, por lo que Gregorio Hau y su servidor creamos un pequeño taller en lengua maya yucateca, en el que exponemos nuestra escritura maya antigua.

Con gran emoción, les compartimos este taller, publicado en la siguiente liga, con el afán de demostrarles que estamos en constante aprovechamiento de cada uno de los talleres tomados en los congresos asistidos, desde el primer congreso en Valladolid, Yucatán, México, hasta el último en Huehuetenango, Guatemala.

Este año pretendemos continuar realizando talleres en las comunidades, apenas y sea posible, puesto que esta pandemia nos ha encerrado mas no atado, por lo que estamos buscando alternativas para continuar. 

El grupo de Ch’okwoj Maaya Ts’íib les envía un abrazo y felicitaciones por su gran labor en MAM.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXxPhCbZAbU

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10 Ajaw 18 Sotz’ (June 17, 2021) A Summer of Reawakening: Responses to the Maya Facilitators Survey

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10 Ajaw 18 Sotz’: Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara

Thank you to all of our supporters who replied to our survey! In the past month, MAM has also received responses to the survey we sent out to our Maya colleagues regarding online education. There were fewer responses than we had anticipated, and this tells us that other priorities are still likely pressing as the pandemic continues throughout much of the world, and in all of the nations where our Maya colleagues reside. However, I would like to share some of the responses we received, and to summarize what we are learning thus far that has helped to shape our plans to inaugurate a long-awaited, online mini-grant program beginning this summer.

For those Maya colleagues who would still like to respond to our survey, we would love to hear from you! You may do so at the following link, as it helps us to assess the various needs and possibilities for online learning. Please note that this survey is intended for our Maya friends who have either facilitated workshops in the past, or those who would be interested in teaching online or producing online educational videos about the Maya script that we could post on our website:

https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/5WM6JS6

From the responses we gathered, nearly all Maya facilitators reported that they have regular online access, but 50% replied that their students and community members do not have regular internet access. 70% have had experience teaching online through either Zoom or Google Meet. 90% of our respondents replied that they would be willing to teach MAM-sponsored workshops online, while 80% are interested in recording educational videos to post on our website.

While there is a great interest in teaching online or recording educational videos, 70% of those who replied stated that they would require training, which tells us that we need to focus some of our efforts in this regard. While there are various needs in each community, many have asked for unlimited time on Zoom, which would enable them to more easily facilitate both synchronous classes or to record asynchronous educational videos. In some cases, there are needs for computer equipment, programs, and published resources. Given the lack of reliable internet in many Maya communities, it may make more sense to begin by funding projects to record and posting online educational videos where synchronous classes may not be possible.

60% of those who responded were from various states in Mexico, 30% were from Guatemala, and 10% were from Belize. Here are some of the responses regarding the various challenges different Maya communities have been facing during the pandemic in several different countries:

My community, like other Mayan communities, has been suffering from the total abandonment of the central government concerning the health of the communities. It is a bit difficult to focus only my community, as the problem is throughout the country of Guatemala, all of which is suffering. The problem where the pandemic has us is now complicated above all in the communities where there are still not vaccines for everyone.”

“In advance we appreciate your concern and interest, we find ourselves very well, just as our community has been isolated from the city to avoid contagions, our children receive every month of the visit of their teachers to exchange tasks.”

“Yaxunah is a community where all people are supported. It is a strong community that knows how to get ahead little by little. There were suspected cases of the Covid-19, but they ended up being a common cold. We are well in Yaxunah—nothing more than a natural disaster has hit us, but we knew we had to get ahead of it.”

“In the Mayan communities of Quintana Roo, many cultural and educational activities have been paused in person, and many of the courses, workshops or reports have been presented through different digital platforms and with the help of social networks. Thanks to platforms such as Zoom and Meet, we have been able to establish bond links with our students, where the Ts’iib’ system has also been present as a reference of the artistic and cultural legacy of our community, as well as the use of the Cholqij, calendar, It has been presented as a guide for the understanding of the cycle of the days and have been shared on timely occasions to understand the rains and the lunar phases.”

“Thank you very much for giving the survey, but I consider that there are many things to clarify that MAM should know or understand, and it is only to remind you here that many Maya communities or indigenous peoples do not even have a school. Maya children and youth have to walk many hours to get to their school, and our goal is to bring the workshops to them and to those forgotten communities.”

“In my community we have had several cases of COVID19 and a few deaths. I had my students learning prehispanic music, which had to be halted because we could not get together to practice. Therefore, I involved them in backyard gardening. With the help of the ministry of agriculture, each child had a piece of land tilled and receives seedlings of cucumber, radish, habanero peppers, sweet peppers, jalapeno peppers, tomatoes, cabbage, pumpkin and cilantro. A few weeks ago we had a thanksgiving Mayan ceremony where the children participated. They said their prayers in Maya T’aan. Now, I am thinking of involving them in arts such as embroidery and weaving.”

We send our heartfelt wishes for healing and resilience to our Maya friends, and we encourage all Maya facilitators who wish to engage in online teaching to complete our survey. We hope to be able to help in whatever way possible to keep hope alive, and to continue our work of bringing literacy in the Maya Tz’iib’ to continuing generations of Maya people as we launch our online mini-grant program in the coming month. We are strategizing about the best ways to roll out our new mini-grant program to suit the needs of each applicant.

Here is wishing all of us a summer of hope, healing, learning, and love!

Maltyox, Yum Bo’otik.

Sincerely,

Michael Grofe, President
MAM

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9 Ajaw 18 Wo (May 8, 2021): Looking to the Future of Online Education: MAM Supporters Survey

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9 Ajaw 18 Woj. Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara

Create your own user feedback survey

Dear Friends of MAM,
 
This past year has forced educators all over the world to transition to online platforms, and one of the silver linings of this pandemic has been the blossoming of various technologies that have allowed us to remain connected.

Because the ongoing pandemic continues to prevent our Maya colleagues to gather safely in classrooms and workshops, we are inaugurating new ways for Maya teachers to reach out to their students, both through online classes, as well as through uploading recorded lecture videos online.

MAM is currently surveying our Maya colleagues to see what their needs may be regarding online access, teaching experience, and training, and we are proposing to make our MAM website at discovermam.org a repository for both public and private online educational videos made by Maya teachers for their students.

There is a great need for educational videos about Maya writing and the calendar in Spanish, as well as in different Mayan languages, and we would like to support the creation of more content like this.

This month, we also have a short survey that we are asking you, our supporters and friends, to take, either above or at this link on SurveyMonkey: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/5XLGNQS

This survey is to see what kind of content you would like to see on our MAM website. Traditionally, we post reports from on the ground, face-to-face workshops in the field every 40 days, but this has not been possible for many months. We would like to hear from you about what kind of content you would like to see in the future.

We wish you all a safe and healthy return to life beyond the pandemic, hoping that the wide distribution of vaccinations reaches far and wide to finally bring us out of this crisis.

Thanks very much for participating in our survey!

We look forward to hearing from you, and we hope we can find ways to keep us connected, while also keeping us all safe.

Sincerely,
Michael Grofe, President
MAM


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9 Ajaw 18 Wo (8 de mayo, 2021): Mirando hacia el futuro de la educación en línea: Encuesta a los Patrocinadores de MAM

9 Ajaw 18 Woj. Dibujo de Jorge Pérez de Lara

Queridos amigos de MAM,
 
El año pasado ha obligado a los educadores de todo el mundo a realizar la transición a las plataformas en línea, y uno de los aspectos positivos de esta pandemia ha sido el florecimiento de varias tecnologías que nos han permitido permanecer conectados.

Debido a que la pandemia en curso continúa impidiendo que nuestros colegas mayas se reúnan de manera segura en aulas y talleres, estamos innovando con nuevas formas para que los maestros mayas puedan acercarse a sus estudiantes, tanto a través de clases en línea, como a través de subir a la red videos grabados de conferencias en línea.

MAM está realizando una encuesta entre nuestros colegas mayas para ver cuáles pueden ser sus necesidades con respecto al acceso en línea, su experiencia docente y su capacitación, y proponemos hacer de nuestro sitio web de MAM en discovermam.org un repositorio de videos educativos en línea públicos y privados, hechos por profesores mayas para sus alumnos.

Existe una gran necesidad de videos educativos sobre la escritura y el calendario mayas en español, así como en diferentes idiomas mayas, y nos gustaría apoyar la creación de más contenido como este.

Este mes, también tenemos una breve encuesta para nuestros patrocinadores, nuestros seguidores y amigos, que podrán llenar, ya sea en el enlace de arriba o en este enlace en SurveyMonkey: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/5FX8RPC

Esta encuesta también es para ver qué tipo de contenido les gustaría ver en nuestro sitio web de MAM. Tradicionalmente, publicamos informes de talleres presenciales aproximadamente cada 40 días, aunque esto no ha sido posible durante muchos meses. Nos gustaría que compartieran con nosotros qué tipo de contenido les gustaría ver en el futuro.

Les deseamos a todos un regreso seguro y saludable a la vida más allá de la pandemia, con la esperanza de que la amplia distribución de vacunas llegue a todas partes, para finalmente sacarnos de esta crisis.

¡Muchas gracias por participar en nuestra encuesta!

Esperamos tener noticias suyas y poder encontrar formas de mantenernos conectados y, al mismo tiempo, mantenernos a todos a salvo.

Atentamente,

Michael Grofe, Presidente
MAM

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11 Ak’bal 1 Pop (April 1, 2021): The Visible Word: Presenting Maya Writing Online

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11 Ak’bal 1 Pop. Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara
Click the image to view the presentation given by Memo Kantún in the La Palabra Visible conference on Facebook

Happy New Year! Today is 11 Ak’bal 1 Pop and we decided to wait until today to post this month’s blog. Spring has arrived, and a new day is dawning, with hope on the horizon that we will finally end this pandemic. I was fortunate to be able to receive my second dose of the vaccine, which became available to educators last month, and it is seeing vastly increasing distribution in the United States, where 148 million people so far have at least received one dose, which is 45% of the population. By comparison, in Mexico, 6 million people have received at least one dose, which is only about 5% of their population. In Belize, about 20,000 people have received one dose, which is also 5% of their population. In Guatemala, some 98,000 people have received one dose, which is only 0.59% or their population. We hope that equitable vaccine distribution will greatly expand in the near future for our friends and family around the world. It cannot come soon enough.

Given the unknown time frame for vaccine distribution, and the current restrictions on public gathering, we do not yet know when it will be safe to continue with face-to-face classes and conferences. Even with increased vaccine distribution, in my own school district, we have already decided to keep our campus closed this fall, due to the inability to know whether our students will be fully vaccinated by that time.

We are adapting to these ongoing circumstances, and there has been a great increase in the availability of online learning using platforms like Zoom. MAM would like to support and encourage the creation and distribution of online learning, which we hope to implement soon. As an example, this month, I would like to call attention to the wonderful presentation given by Archaeologist Memo Kantún for the Museo Palacio Canton in Mérida, Yucatan earlier in March. This was the first online conference of its kind for the Museo Palacio Canton, and it serves as an inspiration for other educators who would like to reach a wide audience by recording presentations like this in Spanish, English, or in various Mayan languages. This was not a conference supported by MAM, but we are very interested in housing presentations like this on our website in the future. Stay tuned for more coming soon!

I hope you all are staying safe, and that we will all be able to finally see one another in the near future. In the meantime, we hope to take advantage of the current technology to continue our important work.

Yum Bo’otik,

Michael Grofe, President
MAM

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7 Ajaw 3 K’ayab (February 17, 2021): NativeLang: Exploring the Revitalization of Mesoamerican Writing

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7 Ajaw 3 K’ayab: Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara
NativeLang: “But are Mesoamerican glyphs still used today?”

It is hard to believe that it has almost been a year since the pandemic lockdown began for many of us. Since the college where I teach has shifted into an entirely online format, I’ve had the opportunity to explore and share many innovative web-based resources in my classes. In my linguistics class, I have been using several excellent animated videos from NativeLang, a YouTube channel created by linguist and animator Joshua Rudder. I highly recommend the many videos on his channel, and I greatly admire the thought and work he has put into these videos, and how effectively they communicate complex histories and ideas. This month, I would like to highlight one of his videos from last August, in which he explores the revitalization of Mesoamerican scripts, with a particular focus on Maya writing.

Featured in the video is a Tzeltal poem written and published in Maya script by our friend Martín Gómez Ramírez, the famous Stela of Iximché, written in Kaqchikel using an adapted Maya script. Also mentioned is the hieroglyphic version of the K’iche’ Popol Vuh, transcribed by Yan García and designed by Mario Hernández, as well as a discussion of the challenges of converting Maya glyphs into a Unicode text that is readable by computers.

This and other educational online resources have given me the idea that we might explore the commissioning and creation of similar online resources by Maya educators for Maya students. The pandemic continues to force us to consider new ways to continue our work, and given that we may be dealing with the challenges of restrictions on face-to-face classes for the foreseeable future this year, online learning promises to provide new opportunities for educational outreach for those who have the ability to connect to the internet.

Meanwhile, many of us still await our vaccinations, which are still not widely available in the United States, let alone in Guatemala, Mexico, and Belize. May we all stay safe and healthy and get vaccinated soon so that we can once again gather together and see our friends and family to celebrate life and a better future.

Kolaval Tajmek, Matyox,  

Michael Grofe, President
MAM


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6 Ajaw 3 Muwan (January 8, 2021): Of Cabbages and Kings: “Banana Republics” and the Past and Present Fragility of Democracy

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6 Ajaw 3 Muwan: Dibujo de Jorge Pérez de Lara

Of Cabbages and Kings: “Banana Republics” and the Past and Present Fragility of Democracy

La Gloriosa Victoria, Diego Rivera (1954) Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts.

Gobierno de Álvaro Colom, Guatemala 2008-2012 is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0

With a heavy heart, I write this to you in a time of grave national crisis in the United States, as yet unresolved, amidst the prolonged catastrophe of a global pandemic through which we all continue to suffer. A New Year is upon us in the Gregorian Calendar, with the promise of a vaccine, which some of my friends have already received but which is not yet widely available. In what will be a fraught two weeks of uncertainty, a new presidential administration comes to power in the United States. Though we lack any current reports to publish from the field, I had hoped to be able to simply wish all of us a happier and more hopeful year ahead, which I certainly wish for all of us, now more than ever. But I am feeling that now is not the time to remain silent regarding what is happening. Please forgive my departure from our usual topics in my turning to current events, but there is a thread that I feel needs to be explored that connects us to a lesser-known, shared history between the United States and Maya people which is often not discussed or acknowledged.

The attempted coup d’etat and the tragically deadly forced invasion of the U.S. Capitol Building on January 6th has been a shocking new experience for citizens of the United States, which prides itself as being the global beacon of democracy. This insurrection continues to be a painful, yet important reminder of the fragility of democracy itself, and it is important for us to recognize that this kind of event and its tragic aftermath is not unfamiliar to much of the rest of the world, particularly for our many Maya friends in Central America who are watching this from the outside and no doubt comparing it with their own painful histories of coups d’etats that have been much more deadly and organized than this one.

With great concern and without hesitation, world leaders and former U.S. Presidents alike have justifiably condemned the senseless violence on Wednesday, but I was particularly struck by one comment by former President George W. Bush, who wrote, “This is how election results are disputed in a banana republic — not our democratic republic” (Wamsley 2021).

The common moniker of a “banana republic” is often used to derogatorily characterize politically destabilized, so-called “third world” nations with rampant, anti-democratic corruption and class inequality, imagining that such things are only present outside the United States. As a linguist, I am interested in the usage and circulation of terms, and in the importance of understanding the origins of these terms. I think such a comment requires context and understanding of how the term “banana republic” itself originated, particularly because the intended usage can be unintentionally insulting to our friends in other nations, as it often overlooks the direct connections to the intentional destabilization of Central American governments ironically caused by powerful political and corporate interests in the United States. Likewise, it perpetuates the dangerous Eurocentric fiction of white supremacy, and it assumes an inferiority of these nations as being beneath the “first world,” which is both unfair and inaccurate. Such uses of this term overlook the responsibility our government bears in both causing and supporting these very anti-democratic political circumstances in other nations, as well as the parallels with our current tragic circumstances.

The term “banana republic” originated from the writing of O. Henry, the pen name of William Sydney Porter, who coined the term in his 1904 novel Cabbages and Kings (taken from the Lewis Carroll poem The Walrus and the Carpenter), about a fictitious Central American country called the Republic of Anchuria. This was based upon his own experiences in Honduras and his observations of the powerful fruit companies from the United States which had a profound impact on destabilizing Central American nations like Honduras and Guatemala for the purposes of their own profit through exporting the bountiful produce of these nations through exploiting cheap labor (Eschner 2017).

As we know from the well-documented history of Guatemala as detailed in Bitter Fruit: the Untold Story of the American Coup in Guatemala (Schlesinger & Kinser 1982, revised in 2005), the United States government was heavily involved with multiple dictators that favored the United Fruit Company (UFCO), culminating in the 1954 coup d’etat in Guatemala orchestrated and carried out by the CIA, which removed the democratically elected Jacobo Árbenz from power. Árbenz had instituted a popular policy of agrarian reform that sought to return unused land owned by the UFCO to poor farmers, many of which were Maya people who were forced to work as cheap labor in the fincas, the plantations owned by the UFCO.

Both the United States Secretary of State at the time, John Foster Dulles, and his brother, Allan Dulles, the Director of the CIA, had ties to the United Fruit Company, both having worked for the law firm which represented them. Because of these and other close ties, the UFCO successfully lobbied the U.S. Government under President Eisenhower to stage a coup through the CIA by playing into the fears of the Red Scare, inaccurately claiming that Árbenz was a communist. However, it was the United Fruit Company that was primarily concerned with its profits, which were greater than the GDP of Guatemala itself, and unjustly built on the backs of exploited people dispossessed from their traditional lands. The result was that Árbenz was forcibly deposed in 1954, leading to four decades of military dictatorships that were supported and armed by the United States government—ultimately leading to rampant human rights abuses and the genocide of tens of thousands of Maya people during the tragic and painful period that has become known as la Violencia.

In 1999, following the signing of the 1996 Peace Accords that ended the formal conflict in Guatemala, President Clinton finally issued an official apology to the Guatemalan government for the unjust involvement and support of dictatorships in Guatemala by the United States (Broder 1999). Here, in part, is Clinton’s apology:

“For the United States, it is important that I state clearly that support for military forces and intelligence units which engaged in violence and widespread repression was wrong, and the United States must not repeat that mistake…We must and will, instead, continue to support the peace and reconciliation process in Guatemala.”

While the United States prides itself on serving as an unshakeable example of democracy for the rest of the world, this sits uncomfortably for those who have been directly impacted by the decidedly anti-democratic actions our government has taken against other democratically elected governments when it has served corrupt interests of those in power. I do not intend for this to minimize the current crisis by casting aspersions on the problematic history of the United States and its history of anti-democratic practices. Rather, it is in my hope that we can all be better than this and that we can continue to learn from our mistakes.

It serves the greater good for us to understand the truth of our own history and how that history intersects with the history of our neighbors and friends among the Maya people we work with, who continue to bravely rebuild their lives and reconnect to a history that has been forcibly and repeatedly taken from them. I see the work we do as directly connected to taking some responsibility for reparations for what our nation has done, and I do hope we can return to that work as soon as possible this year.

I think it is worth remembering all of this in this current moment of crisis, and reflecting on the fragility of democracy itself, both at home and abroad, as well as reflecting on the devastating and dangerous consequences of attempting to overturn democratically elected governments based on falsehoods, selfishness, and greed. In this moment of national reckoning, I think it is important to acknowledge how easy it can be for selfish actors to abuse their power to manipulate and thwart the goals of democratic societies, particularly through the promotion of nationalist fictions of white supremacy, and it is of paramount importance in these moments to tell the truth about ourselves and about our shared past so that we do not repeat these mistakes. We are learning that we are all equal after all, and that we may yet live up to the promise of equality upon which our imperfect nation was built. We are equally vulnerable to anti-democratic abuses of power, just as we are not immune to a virus that has now taken over 375,000 lives in the United States, and nearly two million lives globally.

In the future, if we choose to use the term “banana republic” to describe another nation, or our own, I would hope that we use it with a more honest understanding where that term comes from, and I hereby invite all of us to learn its true meaning as connected to the history of the United States and its damaging, antidemocratic entanglements in other nations.

May we all have a safe, healthy New Year in pursuit of truth, happiness, and mutual understanding beyond our borders. May there especially be peace and healing in all of our nations in the coming weeks, months, and years to come. The time has come, and we’ve got work to do.

Yum Bo’otik, Sib’alaj Maltyox,

Michael Grofe, President
MAM

“La United Fruit Co.”

When the trumpet sounded
everything was prepared on earth,
and Jehovah gave the world
to Coca-Cola Inc., Anaconda,
Ford Motors, and other corporations.
The United Fruit Company
reserved for itself the most juicy
piece, the central coast of my world,
the delicate waist of America.

It rebaptized these countries
Banana Republics,
and over the sleeping dead,
over the unquiet heroes
who won greatness,
liberty, and banners,
it established comic opera:
it abolished free will,
gave out imperial crowns,

encouraged envy, attracted
the dictatorship of flies:
Trujillo flies, Tachos flies
Carias flies, Martinez flies,
Ubico flies, flies sticky with
submissive blood and marmalade,
drunken flies that buzz over
the tombs of the people,
circus flies, wise flies
expert at tyranny.

With the bloodthirsty flies
came the Fruit Company,
amassed coffee and fruit
in ships which put to sea like
overloaded trays with the treasures
from our sunken lands.

Meanwhile the Indians fall
into the sugared depths of the
harbors and are buried in the
morning mists;
a corpse rolls, a thing without
name, a discarded number,
a bunch of rotten fruit
thrown on the garbage heap.

~Pablo Neruda, Canto General (1950)


Versión Español

6 Ajaw 3 Muwan (8 de enero de 2021): De Coles y Reyes: Las “Repúblicas Bananeras” y la fragilidad pasada y presente de la democracia

Con gran pesar, escribo esto en un momento de grave crisis nacional en los Estados Unidos, aún sin resolver, en medio de la prolongada catástrofe de una pandemia mundial que todos seguimos sufriendo. Ha llegado un nuevo año en el calendario gregoriano, con la promesa de una vacuna que algunos de mis amigos ya han recibido, pero que todavía no están disponibles para todos. En lo que serán dos semanas de incertidumbre, una nueva administración presidencial llega al poder en Estados Unidos. Aunque carecemos de informes de campo actuales para publicar, esperaba poder simplemente desearnos a todos un año más feliz y esperanzador, lo que ciertamente deseo para todos, ahora más que nunca. Pero siento que ahora no es el momento de guardar silencio sobre lo que está sucediendo. Por favor, perdonen mi alejamiento de nuestros temas habituales al pasar a los eventos actuales, pero hay un hilo que creo que debe explorarse y que nos conecta con una historia compartida menos conocida entre los Estados Unidos y los mayas que a menudo no se discute o se reconoce.

El intento de golpe de estado y la invasión forzada y trágicamente mortal del edificio del Capitolio de los Estados Unidos el 6 de enero ha sido una experiencia nueva e impactante para los ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos, que se enorgullecen de ser el faro global de la democracia. Esta insurrección sigue siendo un recordatorio doloroso, pero importante, de la fragilidad de la democracia en sí, y es importante que reconozcamos que este tipo de eventos y sus trágicas secuelas no son desconocidos para gran parte del resto del mundo, en particular para nuestros amigos mayas en Centroamérica, quienes están viendo esto desde afuera y sin duda lo comparan con sus propias historias dolorosas de golpes de estado, que han sido mucho más mortíferos y organizados que este.

Con gran preocupación y sin dudarlo, los líderes mundiales y los ex presidentes de Estados Unidos por igual han condenado justificadamente la violencia sin sentido del miércoles, pero me llamó particularmente la atención un comentario del ex presidente George W. Bush, quien escribió: “Así es como se disputan los resultados de las elecciones en una república bananera, no en nuestra república democrática” (Wamsley 2021).

El apodo común de “república bananera” se usa a menudo para caracterizar despectivamente a las naciones políticamente desestabilizadas del llamado “tercer mundo”, con una corrupción desenfrenada y antidemocrática y gran desigualdad de clases, imaginando que tales cosas solo están presentes fuera de Estados Unidos. Como lingüista, me interesa el uso y la circulación de términos y la importancia de comprender el origen de estos términos. Creo que tal comentario requiere contexto y comprensión de cómo se originó el término “república bananera”, en particular porque el uso previsto puede ser un insulto involuntario para nuestros amigos en otras naciones, ya que a menudo pasa por alto las conexiones directas con la desestabilización intencional de los gobiernos centroaméricanos, causados ​​irónicamente por poderosos intereses políticos y corporativos en los Estados Unidos. Asimismo, perpetúa la peligrosa ficción eurocéntrica de la supremacía blanca y presupone una inferioridad de estas naciones como inferiores al “primer mundo”, lo cual es injusto e inexacto. Tales usos de este término pasan por alto la responsabilidad que tiene nuestro gobierno de causar y apoyar estas circunstancias políticas antidemocráticas en otras naciones, así como los paralelismos con nuestras trágicas circunstancias actuales.

El término “república bananera” se originó a partir de la escritura de O. Henry, el seudónimo de William Sydney Porter, quien acuñó el término en su novela de 1904 Cabbages and Kings (“Coles y Reyes”, tomado del poema de Lewis Carroll La Morsa y el Carpintero), sobre un país centroamericano ficticio llamado República de Anchuria. Esto se basó en sus propias experiencias en Honduras y sus observaciones de las poderosas empresas frutícolas de los Estados Unidos, que tuvieron un profundo impacto en la desestabilización de naciones centroamericanas como Honduras y Guatemala, buscando su propio beneficio mediante la exportación de la abundante producción de estas naciones, por medio de la explotación de mano de obra barata (Eschner 2017).

Como sabemos por la bien documentada historia de Guatemala, como se detalla en Bitter Fruit: la historia no contada del golpe estadounidense en Guatemala (Schlesinger & Kinser 1982, revisada en 2005), el gobierno de los Estados Unidos estuvo muy involucrado con múltiples dictadores que favorecían a la United Fruit Company (UFCO) y que culminó con el golpe de estado de 1954 en Guatemala, orquestado y llevado a cabo por la CIA, que sacó del poder al presidente electo democráticamente Jacobo Árbenz. Árbenz había instituido una política popular de reforma agraria que buscaba devolver las tierras en desuso propiedad de la UFCO a los agricultores pobres, muchos de los cuales pertenecían a grupos mayas, obligados a trabajar como mano de obra barata en las fincas y plantaciones propiedad de la UFCO.

Tanto el entonces secretario de Estado de los Estados Unidos, John Foster Dulles, como su hermano, Allan Dulles, director de la CIA, tenían vínculos con la United Fruit Company, y ambos habían trabajado para el bufete de abogados que los representaba. Debido a estos y otros lazos cercanos, la UFCO presionó con éxito al gobierno de los Estados Unidos bajo el presidente Eisenhower para que organizara un golpe de estado a través de la CIA, jugando con los temores de la llamada “Red Scare”, afirmando erróneamente que Árbenz era comunista. Sin embargo, la United Fruit Company se preocupaba principalmente por sus ganancias, que eran mayores que el PIB de la propia Guatemala, mismas que se habían construido injustamente sobre las espaldas de personas explotadas y desposeídas de sus tierras tradicionales. El resultado fue que Árbenz fue depuesto por la fuerza en 1954, lo que llevó a cuatro décadas de dictaduras militares que fueron apoyadas y armadas por el gobierno de los Estados Unidos, y que en última instancia condujo a abusos desenfrenados de los derechos humanos y al genocidio de decenas de miles de mayas durante el trágico y doloroso período que se ha dado a conocer como la Violencia.

En 1999, luego de la firma de los Acuerdos de Paz de 1996 que pusieron fin al conflicto formal en Guatemala, el presidente Clinton finalmente emitió una disculpa oficial al gobierno guatemalteco por la participación injusta y el apoyo a las dictaduras en Guatemala por parte de Estados Unidos (Broder 1999). Aquí, en parte, está la disculpa de Clinton:

“Para Estados Unidos, es importante que yo afirme claramente que el apoyo a las fuerzas militares y las unidades de inteligencia que participaron en la violencia y la represión generalizada fue equivocada y que Estados Unidos no debe repetir ese error… Debemos y seguiremos, en cambio, apoyando el proceso de paz y reconciliación en Guatemala.”

Si bien Estados Unidos se enorgullece de servir como un ejemplo inquebrantable de democracia para el resto del mundo, esto resulta incómodo para aquellos que han sido directamente afectados por las acciones decididamente antidemocráticas que nuestro gobierno ha tomado contra otros gobiernos elegidos democráticamente, cuando esto ha servido a los intereses corruptos de los que están en el poder. No pretendo que esto minimice la crisis actual arrojando calumnias sobre la problemática historia de Estados Unidos y su historia de prácticas antidemocráticas. Más bien, tengo la esperanza de que todos podamos ser mejores que esto y podamos seguir aprendiendo de nuestros errores.

Nos sirve para un bien mayor entender la verdad de nuestra propia historia y cómo esa historia se cruza con la historia de nuestros vecinos y amigos entre los mayas con los que trabajamos, quienes continúan reconstruyendo valientemente sus vidas y reconectándose con una historia que ha les ha sido arrebatada repetidamente por la fuerza. Veo el trabajo que hacemos como algo directamente relacionado con asumir alguna responsabilidad por las reparaciones de lo que ha hecho nuestra nación, esperando que podamos volver a ese trabajo lo antes posible este año.

Creo que vale la pena recordar todo esto en este momento de crisis actual, y reflexionar sobre la fragilidad de la democracia en sí, tanto en el país como en el exterior, así como reflexionar sobre las devastadoras y peligrosas consecuencias de intentar derrocar gobiernos elegidos democráticamente sobre la base de falsedades, egoísmo y codicia. En este momento de ajuste nacional de cuentas, creo que es importante reconocer lo fácil que puede ser para los actores egoístas abusar de su poder para manipular y frustrar los objetivos de las sociedades democráticas, particularmente a través de la promoción de las ficciones nacionalistas de la supremacía blanca. Es de suma importancia en estos momentos decir la verdad sobre nosotros mismos y sobre nuestro pasado compartido para no repetir estos errores. Estamos aprendiendo que todos somos iguales después de todo, y que aún podemos estar a la altura de la promesa de igualdad sobre la cual se construyó nuestra imperfecta nación. Somos igualmente vulnerables a los abusos de poder antidemocráticos, del mismo modo que tampoco somos inmunes a un virus que ahora ha cobrado más de 375.000 vidas en los Estados Unidos y casi dos millones de vidas en todo el mundo.

En el futuro, si elegimos usar el término “república bananera” para describir a otra nación o a la nuestra, espero que lo usemos con una comprensión más honesta sobre el origen de ese término, y por la presente los invito a todos a aprender su verdadero significado en relación con la historia de los Estados Unidos y sus enredos dañinos y antidemocráticos en otras naciones.

Deseo que todos tengamos un Año Nuevo seguro y saludable en la búsqueda de la verdad, la felicidad y el entendimiento mutuo más allá de nuestras fronteras. Que haya especialmente paz y reconciliación en todas nuestras naciones en las semanas, meses y años por venir. Ha llegado el momento y tenemos trabajo por hacer.

Yum Bo’otik, Sib’alaj Maltyox,

Michael Grofe, Presidente
MAM

“La United Fruit Co.”

Cuando sonó la trompeta,
estuvo todo preparado en la tierra,
y Jehova repartió el mundo
a Coca-Cola Inc., Anaconda,
Ford Motors, y otras entidades:
la Compañía Frutera Inc.
se reservó lo más jugoso,
la costa central de mi tierra,
la dulce cintura de América.

Bautizó de nuevo sus tierras
como “Repúblicas Bananas,”
y sobre los muertos dormidos,
sobre los héroes inquietos
que conquistaron la grandeza,
la libertad y las banderas,
estableció la ópera bufa:
enajenó los albedríos
regaló coronas de César,
desenvainó la envidia, atrajo
la dictadura de las moscas,
moscas Trujillos, moscas Tachos,
moscas Carías, moscas Martínez,
moscas Ubico, moscas húmedas
de sangre humilde y mermelada,
moscas borrachas que zumban
sobre las tumbas populares,
moscas de circo, sabias
moscas entendidas en tiranía.

Entre las moscas sanguinarias
la Frutera desembarca,
arrasando el café y las frutas,
en sus barcos que deslizaron
como bandejas el tesoro
de nuestras tierras sumergidas.

Mientras tanto, por los abismos
azucarados de los puertos,
caían indios sepultados
en el vapor de la mañana:
un cuerpo rueda, una cosa
sin nombre, un número caído,
un racimo de fruta muerta
derramada en el pudridero.

~ Pablo Neruda, Canto General (1950)

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Week of Giving TuesdaySemana de martes de Donaciones

Dear Friends,

We are happy to share with you our latest blog. It highlights the work and art of Walter Paz Joj ─ “5 Ajaw 3 Mak (November 29, 2020): The Living Art of a Kaqchikel Maya Aj Tz’ib’ “. Here is the link: https://discovermam.org/2020/11/5-ajaw-3-mak-november-29-2020/ . Enjoy the beautiful artworks and Walter’s high-resolution photos. This workshop took place before the pandemic spread into Guatemala and Mexico.

We have had to temporarily suspend the workshops until next year, but we are planning ahead when we can once again begin granting funds to individuals for these classes. The monetary support that our Mayanist community has given to Mayas For Ancient Maya (MAM) enable us to continue to support our Maya colleagues in educating their indigenous communities through the organizing workshop grants like that granted to Walter, where the living Maya people are able to connect with their ancestors through the ancient hieroglyphs.

Also, great news regarding Giving Tuesday Week! We have an anonymous donor who wants to match dollar for dollar what others pitch in until this coming Saturday. In other words, if you contribute $100, the donor will match it with $100 and thus you are able to double your commitment. Here is the link where you can go to our secure website to donate: https://discovermam.org/support/.

Thank you so much,
MAM Executive CommitteeQueridos amigos,

Estamos encantados de compartir con ustedes nuestro último blog. En él se destacan la obra y el arte de Walter Paz Joj – “5 Ajaw 3 Mak (29 de noviembre de 2020): El arte viviente de un kaqchikel Maya Aj Tz’ib”‘. A continuación, el enlace: https://discovermam.org/es/2020/11/5-ajaw-3-mak-november-29-2020/ . Disfrute de las hermosas obras de arte y de las fotografías de alta resolución de Walter. El taller tuvo lugar antes de que la pandemia se extendiera a Guatemala y México.

Hemos tenido que suspender temporalmente los talleres hasta el próximo año, pero estamos planeando con anticipación para cuando podamos, una vez más, empezar a otorgar financiamiento a las personas que organizan y dan estas clases. El apoyo monetario que nuestra comunidad maya ha dado a Maya Antiguo para los Mayas (MAM) nos permite seguir apoyando a nuestros colegas mayas en la educación de sus comunidades indígenas mediante subvenciones para la organización de talleres, como la que se le otorgó a Walter; estos talleres permiten a los mayas actuales conectarse con sus antepasados a través de los antiguos jeroglíficos.

Además, ¡tenemos magníficas noticias con respecto a la llamada “Semana de martes de Donaciones”! Hay un donante anónimo que donará un dólar por cada dólar que se done a MAM hasta este próximo sábado. En otras palabras, si usted contribuye $100, el donante contribuirá $100, permitiendo así a usted duplicar su apoyo. Este es el enlace para donar a través de nuestro sitio web seguro: https://discovermam.org/es/support/ .

Muchas gracias
Comité Ejecutivo de MAM

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5 Ajaw 3 Mak (November 29, 2020): Walter Paz Joj: The Living Art of a Kaqchikel Maya Aj Tz’ib’5 Ajaw 3 Mak (November 29, 2020): Walter Paz Joj: El arte vivo de un Kaqchikel Maya Aj Tz’ib’

5 Ajaw 3 Mak: Drawing by Jorge Pérez de Lara

Digital Illustration dedicated to Jun B’atz’ and Jun Chuwen, Mothers and Fathers of Maya art. Walter Paz Joj

Walter Paz Joj: The Living Art of a Kaqchikel Maya Aj Tz’ib’

For many of us, this Thanksgiving has been a holiday unlike any other in living memory, and it is a time for giving thanks for all that we have amidst a year of such sorrow and tragedy. So many of us celebrate in isolation this year, grateful for the lives of our loved ones, and grieving the loss of so many who have been taken from us. As we reported last month, the pandemic has taken a great toll on our Maya friends, many of whom have since been hit by two hurricanes in what is now a record year for so many storms. Jun Raqan, the one-legged Heart of Sky walks restlessly in circles on our warming planet. May the balance be restored, and may he be appeased after so much suffering. May the Maya people endure, as they always have.

I am profoundly grateful for the work our Maya friends have been doing to bring to life the ancient script, and it is our great honor this month to feature the work of Walter Paz Joj. Walter is a Kaqchikel artist and musician from Panajachel, Guatemala on the shores of Lake Atitlán, the place of emergence for many Highland Maya people. Walter has been involved in studying the Maya script for many years, having attended and taught at multiple workshops and Congresos. For those of you unacquainted with Walter’s incredible artwork, it becomes immediately apparent that his work conjures the greatest heights of Classic Maya artistry while making it forever new and alive, rich in color and imagery, heart and soul, and using both traditional and digital media in remarkably innovative ways.

Walter Paz Joj’s work has received increasingly wider recognition through his commissioned work that includes spectacular murals as well as published artwork for multiple conferences, including the Third International Congreso on Maya Hieroglyphic Writing: Ojer Maya’ Tz’ib’ in El Remate, Guatemala in 2016, where I had the good fortune to meet Walter for the first time, and where he taught the beginner’s workshop. As an emerging scholar and artist on the cutting edge of his field, Walter will be contributing an article on contemporary Maya writing in an upcoming edition of the journal The Mayanist:

https://www.goafar.org/themayanist

Here, we present some of the work of Walter Paz Joj for your continued enjoyment, and to promote the astounding work of this modern Maya Aj Tz’ib’.

Sib’alaj Maltyox,

Michael Grofe, President
MAM

5 Ajaw 3 Mak: Dibujo de Jorge Pérez de Lara

Ilustración digital dedicada a Jun B’atz’ y Jun Chuwen, madres y padres del arte maya. Walter Paz Joj

Walter Paz Joj: El arte vivo de un Kaqchikel Maya Aj Tz’ib’

Para muchos de nosotros, este Día de Acción de Gracias ha sido un día festivo como ningún otro que se recuerde, y es un momento para agradecer todo lo que tenemos en medio de un año de tanta tristeza y tragedia. Muchos de nosotros celebramos en aislamiento este año, agradecidos por la vida de nuestros seres queridos y lamentando la pérdida de tantos que nos han sido arrebatados. Como informamos el mes pasado, la pandemia ha cobrado un gran precio a nuestros amigos mayas, muchos de los cuales han sido azotados por dos huracanes en lo que ahora es un año récord para tantas tormentas. Jun Raqan, el Corazón del Cielo con una sola pierna, camina inquieto en círculos en nuestro planeta que se calienta. Que se restablezca el equilibrio, y que se apacigüe después de tanto sufrimiento. Que el pueblo maya se sostenga, como siempre lo ha hecho.

Estoy profundamente agradecido por el trabajo que han estado haciendo nuestros amigos mayas para dar vida a la escritura antigua, y es un gran honor para mí este mes presentar el trabajo de Walter Paz Joj. Walter es un artista y músico kaqchikel de Panajachel, Guatemala, a orillas del lago Atitlán, el lugar de surgimiento de muchos mayas de las tierras altas. Walter ha estado involucrado en el estudio de la escritura maya durante muchos años, habiendo asistido a múltiples talleres y congresos e incluso habiendo dando clases en ellos. Para aquellos de ustedes que no están familiarizados con el extraordinario arte de Walter, se hace evidente de inmediato que su trabajo evoca las mayores alturas del arte maya clásico, al mismo tiempo que lo renueva y le da vida, una vida rica en color e imágenes, corazón y alma, utilizando medios tradicionales y digitales de formas notablemente innovadoras.

El arte de Walter Paz Joj ha recibido un reconocimiento cada vez mayor a través de obras por encargo, entre las que se incluyen espectaculares murales y obras de arte publicadas para múltiples conferencias, entre las que se cuenta el Tercer Congreso Internacional de Escritura Jeroglífica Maya: Ojer Maya Tz’ib’ en El Remate, Guatemala en 2016, donde tuve la suerte de conocer a Walter por primera vez, y donde daba el taller de principiantes. Como erudito y artista emergente a la vanguardia de su campo, Walter contribuirá con un artículo sobre la escritura maya contemporánea en un próximo número de la revista The Mayanist:

https://www.goafar.org/themayanist

A continuación, presentamos parte del trabajo de Walter Paz Joj para que lo disfruten de manera constante y para promover el asombroso trabajo de este moderno Maya Aj Tz’ib’.

Sib’alaj Maltyox,

Michael Grofe, Presidente
MAM Continue reading

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